tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-42220560903180981252024-03-08T01:59:26.279-08:00Julian Hough: Thoughts and SpeculationsJulian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-38680178105463351422013-04-30T16:34:00.002-07:002013-05-24T08:50:34.006-07:00"Song of Seaons" review<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-GB</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u></u></i></b><u><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Poetry Play Inspired
By the Classics Inspires</b></u><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There are fewer more refreshing things than a revival of
classical mythology, nor fewer more impressive things than the creation of an
entire play in lyrical verse. Fletcher N. Brown’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Song of Seasons</i> bravely attempts both, and succeeds in a feat of
creative gusto and technical flare.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
M4 West Media puts on a remarkable production at Tottenham
Chances, with the playwright Brown and Rebecca Tranter co-directing the fantastically
original work, with a brim-full of acting talent to realise it.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Adopting theatre-in-the-round, the performance has an exquisite
intensity as the characters, led by the mortals Diogenes the cynic (Orwi
Immanuel Ameh), and Sappho the poet (Anna Nicholson), who is the purported
author of the eponymously named poem <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Song
of Seasons, </i>take us into a strange world that straddles classic mythology
and magical realism.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The plot focusses on the relationship the two human protagonists
have with their Gods, who play with them to fight out their own celestial court
battles. The God Hephaestus (Simon Willshire) seeks to betray his own sister
the Goddess Voluptus (Holly Ashman), who is adored and worshipped by Sappho, a
love affair that eventually leads to the latter’s ascension to deity. All the
while the Goddess Demeter (Rachael Harrison) and Hephaestus fight over how best
to treat mankind, over whether to grant them violence and death and other
vices, resulting in dramatic interplay in the first act. As a spiritual
enforcer, the menacingly masked “will of the Gods” (Nikolaos Brahimllari), much
like the puppeteers from the Handspring Puppet Company of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Warhorse</i> fame, unobtrusively but with great effect carries out the
intentions of his masters upon the hapless mortals.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The tumultuous plot is narrated by the Goddess Diana
(Rebecca Omogbehin), whose presence and comforting yet authoritative voice
carries the story forward with a mythical reassurance amongst the mania of
events unfolding. The beautifully intriguing lyrical script, having the
technical difficulty of a Shakespeare or Marlowe text, is completely mastered
by the cast, particularly the narrator, and the philosophical treatise is brought
to life to ensure complete clarity for a modern audience. Ameh’s Diogenes, a
tortured and manic character, is a harrowing performance, while the menacing
Hephastus is carried excellently by Willshire, and Ashman and Harrison’s portrayals
of Voluptus and Demeter had emotional depth that was believable and entrancing.
Nicholson’s Sappho creates the intensity befitting classical heroines, with her
finale being the culmination of an earthly battle that made every heart-felt
prophecy and declaration traumatic and poignant.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It’s rare that an independent production has a cast with professionalism
and talent equal to RSC productions and a directorial and production quality
that is impeccable, along with nascent creativity. Albert Balbastre deserves
special mention for an incredible sound track that tells the story of battle
fields and storms. Also the set, costume, make-up and mask design of Paulina
Rzeszowska, Tessa Richards, Allan Plenderleith and Martin Tranter give a
charming and original classical dystopian aesthetic to the whole piece. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let’s hope that we see more from this writer, production
company and cast in the near future, as surely not much can stop the technical
and intellectual prowess, and the sheer gutsy creativity, that drove <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Song of Seasons.</i> A rare pleasure to see
this in action.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-60547760898164591482013-04-01T15:59:00.001-07:002013-05-24T08:49:31.721-07:00Describing my work using the 1000 most common words of English:<br />
<br />
<a href="http://splasho.com/upgoer5/?i=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" target="_blank">#UPGOERFIVE</a>Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-62265779945634150822012-09-09T12:40:00.000-07:002017-02-25T09:51:29.966-08:00Be kind to the infinite monkey<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-GB</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
table.MsoTableGrid
{mso-style-name:"Table Grid";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-priority:59;
mso-style-unhide:no;
border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-border-insideh:.5pt solid windowtext;
mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid windowtext;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-GB</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
Just a brief note about some distractions from my PhD, which may be useless.
For those who haven't heard of or want to know more about these interesting
ideas I'd suggest looking at the Wikipedia article on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite_monkey_theorem">Infinite monkey
theorem</a> or, else, a more entertaining medium might be the subject of
Borges's short story the <a href="http://jubal.westnet.com/hyperdiscordia/library_of_babel.html">The
Library of Babel (1941)</a>. <br />
<br />
Basically the idea of both of these concepts is a combinatorial (or more accurately <i>permutational- </i>see <a href="http://www.mathsisfun.com/combinatorics/combinations-permutations-calculator.html">this combination and permutation calculator</a> to see the difference)
explosion/exponentiation one, and tells us interesting things about probability, complexity and the
nature of infinity. Quoting Wikipedia:<br />
<br />
"The <b>infinite monkey theorem</b> states that a monkey hitting keys
at random on a typewriter keyboard for an infinite amount of time will <i>almost
surely</i> type a given text, such as the complete works of William
Shakespeare."<br />
<br />
As this problem has had some nice formal treatment (as can be seen on the wiki page alone, without literature hunting), I won't pretend to offer a new proof that this is the case, but rather just go through some of the basics to elucidate the problem to myself and to the few people who will read this.<br />
<br />
In this auto-didactic exercise, I did a naive calculation and thought the following sort of maths that would
seem sensible for beginning to work out the extent of this problem for our
monkey tapping away randomly. In cryptographic (code-cracking) terms this is equivalent to working out how hard it would be to crack a password the length of Shakespeare's work in characters in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brute-force_attack">brute-force attack</a>.<br />
<br />
If we take <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">length(WS)</i> to be the length of Shakespeare's complete works in characters, 26 as the length of the Latin alphabet, forgetting punctuation, allowing for upper and lower case and ignoring any type-setting keys for now, so relaxing the problem a bit, albeit not in terms of the complexity order, we have the following:<br />
<br />
Different character sequences of length <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">length(WS)</i>
= 26 <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup>length(WS)</sup></i><br />
<br />
This works in the same way that a 4-digit numerical lock has 10<sup>4</sup> different <i>permutations</i> (often wrongly called <i>combinations</i>- order matters here!). In fact generally in this situation permutation with arbitrary repeats allowed of any symbol, is<i> n<sup>k</sup> </i>(<i>n</i>
is the number of values, <i>k</i> is the length of the sequence). The simple addition to the formula above used to calculate the probability of a monkey producing the complete
works in a set order from the start of the experiment just requires the fact that there is only one unique string of letters that gets us to the desired result. And, to be empirically accurate, this also requires the addition to the total word count wonderfully provided by the <a href="http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/stats/">Shakespeare text statistics
website</a>:<br />
<br />
1/Different character sequences of length <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">length(WS)</i>
= 1/26 <sup>884,429 x mean word length</sup><br />
<br />
If we make some approximations for discussion by saying we've got 1 million words and the
average word length in English text is 5 letters, let's say we have <i>26
to the 5 million (i.e. 26 <sup>5,000,000</sup>)</i> different possible sequences of length 5 million characters the monkey could
come up with, leaving the probability of finding the correct permutation
the first time at 1/<i>26 <sup>5,000,000</sup></i> (the length of quantum
foam, smallest known thing in the universe, in meters is massive compared to
this!). This shows the awesome explosive power of exponentiation.<br />
<br />
Our initial estimation is being a bit mean to the monkey, as we presume we are giving him
a set order of Shakespeare's 43 works: he could get all the texts all following each
other directly, but in a different order to the one we prescribe, and it
wouldn't count and in fact, the possible space he has to work with on this higher level of work order is <i>number of works!/ (number of works - possible orderings)!</i> which is 43!/(43-43)!, which as 0!= 1 by normal conventions is 43! (i.e. 43 factorial), which is 43 *
42 * 41 *..etc.... * 1. Check<a href="http://www.mathsisfun.com/combinatorics/combinations-permutations-calculator.html"> this excellent permutation and combination calculator</a> to confirm the difference between order mattering (permutation) and it not mattering (combination).<br />
<br />
If we give him the option of producing them in any order (combination) instead of the permutational constraint where order matters, we have many more different possible good results and reduce the space complexity (and time complexity) by the space he would have had to search for the correct order, i.e. 43!, meaning the monkey's chance of success at the outset is roughly <i>1/(26<sup>5,000,000</sup></i><i>/43!).</i> This knocks an order of about
50 off the exponent of the 5 million, increasing his chances somewhat but with the order
still so large it hasn't helped him that much. Further relaxing the conditions by removing the stipulation that the
works have to be produced back-to-back, so he could type nonsense in between successful works could further reduce the complexity of the task, but we're still
into the hundreds of thousands of characters for correct sequences (and still no further down the computational
complexity order as it's still exponential).<br />
<br />
Estimating how long it could take by simply multiplying the time taken to type one attempt by the entire number
of combinations, or by some fraction of the entire number of possibilities
using a probability distribution seems unfair in terms of measuring his success, including near misses. We give the monkey a better chance by
reviewing the attempts <i>incrementally</i>, i.e. character by character. When
he begins typing, at the first character, he's got a 1/26 chance of hitting the
correct first character, and if he does so then he has another 1/26 chance of
hitting the second one correctly (the probability of him getting the first 2
characters correct for the start is 1/26 x 1/26 = 1/676) and so on- this is because this is the one successful permutation out of the whole permutational space that needs to be typed. Should he type an incorrect character the string length goes back down to length 0 (or 1 if that letter happens to start a Shakespeare play). To illustrate the ever-changing probability of success during the task, he might type:<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "courier new";">Henry</span><br />
<br />
There's a probability of 1/26<sup>5</sup> of him typing this. He
has done very well here, as it forms the start of the title of 7 Shakespeare works
(bless the bard's love of the British monarchy!). Now the monkey's only got 4,999,995 more characters to get right in a row, and given the work ordering
relaxation, he has started 7 works correctly and still has a chance to get any of the
orderings of works that begin with any of these 7 Henry plays correct - so from
here he's got chances of producing any of 7 x 42! different
possible successful 4,999,995 remaining character sequences, and this number should be factored out of the number of combinations. His simultaneous production of successful start sequences for 7 possible works in our relaxed problem reduces the exponent in the probability's denominator by roughly 50, which is small, but something.<br />
<br />
This idea of multiple possible future
successes with each typed letter really makes this an interesting probability
problem over time. Essentially at each point, we are looking at the last<i> n</i>
letters to see if they constitute a valid starting string of one or more of the
possible 43! successful combinations, and that will determine the probability
of the monkey’s future success at any given point. When we have a number of
possible future successful outcomes, the probabilities improve, as mentioned
above. In practice these multiple possible future success situations are few
and far between in this particular task, as less than half of Shakespeare’s plays have start strings
with more than a 2-letter beginning sequence identical to that of another play- however given
the exponential nature of the improvement of the monkey's chances, it is still nice to know that should he type the following strings at the beginning, there will be more than
one possible starting work he could be in the process of completing, and hence the probability of him being
successful is greater than if he stumbled across a string of the same length that began another title.<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216">Start String</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">No. of Works still<br />
possible (NoW)</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.0pt;" valign="top" width="189">p(<i>monkey's success for remaining letters</i>)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">7</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,995</sup></i><i>/7* 42!)</i><sup> </sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry V</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">5</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,994</sup></i><i>/5* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry VI </span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">4</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,993</sup></i><i>/4* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry VI Part I</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">3</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,988</sup></i><i>/3* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry VI Part II</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,987</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Henry VII</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,992</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Richard</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,993</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Love</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,996</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">King</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,994</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Ti</span></td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color windowtext windowtext -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,998</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 162.3pt;" valign="top" width="216"><span style="font-family: "courier new"; font-size: x-small;">Me</span></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 157.8pt;" valign="top" width="210">2</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.0pt;" valign="top" width="189"><i>1/(26<sup>4,999,998</sup></i><i>/2* 42!)</i></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
While not doing the full maths here, while the factoring out the factorial denominator here (NoW* 42! where NoW=number of works)
from the overall permutational space will increase the probability of success by several orders in the sequence continuation space, this only
linearly increases with NoW, the number of works that share the string in question. So, if a given string starts a greater number of number works than another (e.g. "Henry" (7) vs "Richard" (2)), the former sequence will not have increased possibility of success by an exponent- reducing by 7 x 42! rather than 2 x 42! will not reduce the number of final possibilities exponentially, while the extra successful 2 letters in "Richard" will do.<br />
<br />
Sharing of start strings only boosts probabilities when comparing start strings of the same length,
say "Henr" will be a better sequence than "Love" in the
above table. So, given it is length of the current successful string that is
the principal determiner of better future chances of successful completion, the monkey's
best current chance of future success possible in those shown above will be
after typing "Henry VI Part II"- it's the start string of 13 characters that covers the biggest number of possible future successes. In terms of the overall task, in the combinatorial works setting where any order is permitted but with no repeated works, the overall probability of generating the complete works will be the same i.e.<i> 1/(26<sup>5,000,000</sup></i><i>/43!),</i>regardless of the order of works he generates, but what is interesting is how the division of the sequence into subsequences and allowing interchangeability (combination) reduces the complexity of the task from the set-order (permutational) setting and increases the probability of it getting done faster- perhaps suggesting the need for things that unitize information such as words and syntactic phrases for human beings.<br />
<br />
What's also interesting is the agony we experience as a bystander watching our Simian stoic friend tap
away: we could watch him reach the end of a long valid start sequence
and then see him fail instantly. Even if he reached the end of an entire work
successfully, having watched his probabilities incrementally increase with each
correct character by an exponential amount, his subsequent typing of a letter
that doesn't begin a remaining Shakespeare play shatters his chances by
resetting the denominator of the probability back to its old exhaustive self.
Plotting the probability of success change over time could be very interesting
(its time axis would be rather long and the data fairly sparse!). Whether it
could be done in infinite time remains the subject of debate of minds greater
than my own. I just found thinking about this interesting and a good way of sharpening my maths (forgive
incorrect numbers/calculations!).<br />
<br />
As an end note, while it changes the nature of the problem slightly, an interesting idea in complexity research put to me by lecturers at my university is
whether you could reduce the time if you gave the monkey a basic programmable <i>computer</i> with a
simple text terminal and option to start writing in assembly code (or even
binary), rather than a typewriter. The chances of
stumbling upon a program that was, say, able to permute any substring written so
far with any other one, greatly increasing generative capacity and chance of
success with each consequent key stroke, might in fact have a much smaller text
length; it may be possible to write the program then leave it running and add
to it again later after some interim meaningless characters, rather than requiring the exhaustive sequence of characters we require
here. The monkey might even stumble across a program that can generate English
words and sentences grammatically before it comes across the entirety of 'Hamlet'. The level
of language permitted would be fairly important for the project; Python and
Java may give the monkey a better chance than machine code or binary. Perhaps this might have corollary with poverty of the stimulus arguments in linguistics- how much innate structure for information processing can we give a child so that a grammar may be 'found', even in a stochastic process?Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-65111097554500082542011-10-18T06:51:00.000-07:002011-10-18T06:53:05.154-07:00Web page set-upAnyone interested in the work in linguistics I'm doing at Queen Mary at the moment have a look at <a href="http://www.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/~jhough/">http://www.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/~jhough/</a> I will try to keep it up to date!Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-36386208495377280762009-12-09T01:02:00.000-08:002018-04-26T04:28:50.802-07:00The Runner- An elegy for Peter HolmesFollowing the tragic death of fellow runner Pete Holmes on the weekend at just 24 I was moved to write an elegy for him. It doesn't do his positive attitude and eternal fighting spirit justice but it's just a tribute to a man who was a very influential blogger, so I thought I'd post it here:<br />
<br />
<br />
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<u><b>The Runner</b></u></div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i>An elegy for Peter Holmes</i></div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The pistol fires. There is no sound,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
As footsteps start to churn the ground.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
One young man, no longer there,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Leaves behind his racing wear.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Forever reaching to the sky,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3in; text-indent: -3in;">
There was no earthly reason why</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
He journeyed to that foreign track,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
And shoulder-high was carried back.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
When last we met he boldly beat me,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Now the memories alone defeat me.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Our rivalry has turned to pain:</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a> A fight against the empty lane.</div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
I miss him most for what he loved:</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
A contest pure, unchained, un-gloved.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Not petty acts of spite or war,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
But that which makes us something more.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The passing miles are silent now,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The watch alone can tell us how</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The ailing seconds tick today.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
His words no longer ease the way.</div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
His faith was strong, and all his own.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Perhaps this comforts me alone:</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
He, the runner, will ever be,</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Running strong.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Running true.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Forever free.</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">The poem, barring subsequent improvements, was originally written for Pete’s funeral. It took inspiration from his harrier spirit, and two moving texts: A. E. Housman’s beautiful ‘To An Athlete Dying Young’ and Pete’s favourite verse from the Bible (New International Version):</span></div>
<div class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="en"><i>"I run in the path of Your commands,</i></span></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="en"><i>for You have set my heart free."</i></span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span lang="en"><i>Psalm 119:32</i></span></span></span></div>
Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-60897663360229849572009-08-12T06:05:00.000-07:002017-02-25T08:54:44.969-08:00Review and linguistic observations of 'Sin nombre''Sin Nombre' by new director Cary Fukanaga will surely have a lasting impact on all of those who have no scruples watching subtitled foreign language films this year.<br />
<br />
After seeing the pre-release showing in the "Rio" cinema in Dalston with a Q and A at the end with the talented young Fukanaga, the authenticity of the whole production was clear. It is a harrowing tale of two narratives, one following the journey of the Sayra (Paulina Gaitan) and her father and uncle on their trip to the US border from their native Honduras, and the story of the Mexican fugutive Willy, or "Caspar" (Edgar Flores) as he is known from his former gang, the Mara, who now hunt him. The two coincide on the train on their different jouneys and their struggles bind them together in friendship, and ultimately a tragic love story.<br />
<br />
While this deeply moving film could still have an emotionally powerful effect through reading the subtitles, I think the effect is at its best if you either understand Spanish, or even better, are familiar with Honduran and Mexican dialiects of Spanish, which differ quite greatly from Castillian. That isn't meant to sound pretentious, in the pompous attitude that "the translation is a travesty" or anything along those lines, just the sound of the voices in this film are what really deliver the full effect. It is the Quinian problem of a linguistic utterance only being capable of delivering its complete meaning in the language in which it was uttered, for speakers of that language. I can't imagine listening to the moving words of Ronal Reagan in his speech about the Challenger Space Shuttle explosion in Spanish as much as I can't imagine an English oral version of Willy's forboding words about his former gang during the film: "La Mara tiene una buena memoria". The range of accents, 'street' language, the beauty of the Americanisms such as "homie"/"homito" and "Smiley", and the pronuciation of "Six Flags" and "New Jersey" have social comments and emotional worth that have a far greater effect than the words themselves. Phonology, phonetics, sociolinguistics and pragmatics seem to prevail for enriching content here. A truly brilliant film though.Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-27468407439293567952009-06-23T02:28:00.000-07:002017-02-25T08:55:19.561-08:00LanguageIt's always good to write on a subject you know at least something about, so I thought I'd <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">at least</span> try to start a blog on my views on language. Hopefully it won't be too academic, though after a year in a <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_1">Chomskyan</span> school of linguistics at <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_2">UCL</span> it might be hard to keep the ivory tower at bay. Anyway, here are a few starter discussion points which are probably my favourite ones in the subject. I will just outline one each blog:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Language is a system unique to human beings</li>
</ul>
Contrary to some folkloric ideas, humans are the only known species of animal with a language faculty. This is not to say we are unique in having a system of oral or visual communication, as bee dances indicating the position of honey and the warning calls of macaques, tamarins and v<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_3">ervet</span> monkeys suggest. We are unique in having a symbolic linguistic system which we can understand and make use of for, amongst other things, communication, and this system gives us the ability to talk about our thoughts and interpret the thoughts of others.<br />
This species-specific ability has lead many linguists and philosophers to call the phenomenon of human language "innate", but this term is <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_4">controversial</span>. As humans must acquire language through exposure to the environment, one puts oneself in a difficult position to claim that all of our language is innate, as sounds and vocabulary of different languages must be 'learnt' on some level. However, the fact that only humans have the ability to acquire language surely suggests there is some fundamental difference in our genetic make-up to other animals that allows us to acquire language, like any species-specific trait. This is irrefutable. Despite previous attempts at such things, we could no more teach a chimpanzee, our closest genetic cousin, to acquire a human language fully than could a fish teach us to breathe underwater or a bird instruct us to fly! There are fundamental biological differences which mean we can acquire these species-specific traits- through natural means at least.<br />
So while <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_5">Nativism</span> has a strong argument due to the situation outlined above, the opposition in the form of <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_6">Empiricism</span> claims that due to a human being born as a <em><span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_7">tabula</span> <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_8">rasa</span></em> with few innate capabilities, and the emphasis on the environment and learning is key. The strongest version of the Empiricist argument is that with a general learning ability (an idea attributed to John Locke) a human being can acquire language without recourse to needing a specific language faculty, simply by learning it from the linguistic data around him. Even <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_9">Nativists</span> accept the importance of the environment, and they may fall on their sword a little when introducing the idea of the 'critical period' for language <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_10">acquisition</span> in childhood, which is the minimum required time of linguistic exposure for a human to acquire a language fully. The debate rages on between the two camps, but one cannot deny the uniqueness of language to human beings, and it may be more of a defining <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_11">characteristic</span> in terms of differentiating ourselves from our primate cousins than we would like to imagine.Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-80884801472019700532009-01-30T02:03:00.001-08:002017-02-25T08:57:43.998-08:00London dark poem<div align="left">
It's been some time since I've used the Blog, despite still believing it to be a great tool! For anyone who may or may not read this, due to its believe acquiesence, I post a poem about London, where I've been studying for the last few years. It's somewhat dark on subsequent reading, but perhaps summarised feelings on damp days there:<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>My dearest London</strong><br />
I’ll walk upon your streets again, my dearest London, when,<br />
I tire of pleasant countryside where I have come to rest<br />
And finally appreciate that town that knows me best.<br />
When thrill of base amusement makes me leave my hideaway<br />
To search for some dank alley where I’ll pass out in the day.<br />
<br />
I’ll walk upon your streets again, my dearest London, when,<br />
The cussing crowds all dissappear, and cease to squeeze and swarm<br />
And sputtering, guttering poison fumes no longer keep them warm.<br />
When acid clouds all reappear and drench us in a storm<br />
And faces ill-remembered start to lose their shape and form.<br />
<br />
I’ll walk upon your streets again, my dearest London, when,<br />
With body gone and spirit free I finally walk alone<br />
And streets become so empty I can rightly call them home.<br />
When the darkness comes for me and light starts fading fast<br />
I won't abandon you dear London; I’ll be here to the last!</div>
Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4222056090318098125.post-50854123958314258732007-06-07T13:09:00.001-07:002009-12-13T03:26:13.282-08:00BBC World Book Club with Richard DawkinsWell, here's my first worthy blog entry really, as the first one was just a way of getting me into the blogging community/breaking down that initial barrier that confronts us in new tasks.<br /><br />I'm still shaking with excitement (I do have nerve endings I've discovered, despite being pretty relaxed physically most of the time except while running!) from being involved with the show, being some 3 metres away from Richard <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_0" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span>, a man who has had a massive influence on modern thought. The setting of a dead-quiet BBC recording studio, with padded walls and producers darting in and out with "health and safety" talks, advice on how to approach it, and I was heartened that it was really relaxed, not to a schedule, and could be re-edited to allow for cock-ups, and above all, that they encouraged us to have a shout if you want to- it had suddenly become not just a lecture but a form of debate.<br /><br />Richard <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_1" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span>, the erudite scientist, as he likes to style himself, was discussing his inaugural best-seller "The Selfish Gene", the main theme encapsulated in the title, which was one of the most exciting prospects in philosophy and popular science. He was a smallish man, with a jutting jaw, <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_2" class="blsp-spelling-error">pince</span>-<span id="SPELLING_ERROR_3" class="blsp-spelling-error">nez</span> glasses, a wandering curious but intense gaze and the most incredible feature of all, his incredible voice. He is truly a great performer, his sincere tone was not deep but incredibly powerful and his underlying determination to assert his views on the world became clear from the <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_4" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">beginning</span>.<br /><br />I confess I still haven't read his first book cover to cover, but after this I will be racing through <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_5" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span> literature, on his evolution stuff anyway! My Dad is an evolutionary theorist, so I may get my interest (through heredity or environment!) from him, but I'd agree with my old man in that it is baffling how so few people take such a casual or uninterested stance in that most important subjects in my opinion which are who or what we are, where we've come from and probably the most important question: why?<br /><br /><span id="SPELLING_ERROR_6" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span> commented during the show that the 'why' part is unimportant or not worthy considering, which is probably due to his aversion against religion and that emphasis on the <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_7" class="blsp-spelling-error">begining</span> of life: indeed he believes the 'word' of genesis is not worth mentioning. As a man interested in words, I find that hard to stomach, but apart from personal prejudices towards linguistics and languages, I do believe you can't just dismiss the ultimate question with such a casual attitude as indeed every story has a <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_8" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">beginning</span>. The story of life, which he tries to tell, lacks this definite start, it's all exposition and development, where as on the other hand, the creation story has a perfect structure, not that I believe in it personally. It can be said that the biblical tale is attractive, it has a sense of unity and purpose that we seek as humans.<br /><br />So, as for my actual involvement in the debate, which was, I have to admit, more than I expected, and I felt like I was that six-year-old-grade-one-piano-taking kid again, absolutely loaded with fear and pressure- I failed my grade one, so pressure may not be good for me, but I think I managed a semi-coherent first question. It was a bit of a parasitic tag-along to the previous questioner who asked about the appropriateness of using the emotive term "Selfish" in the title of his great work, if <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_9" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span> did want to come across objectively as a scientist. No doubt and self-confessedly <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_10" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span> is a great communicator of science to the ignorant masses, but should such rhetoric be employed when looking at life in terms of 'survival machines', 'replicators' and other such inanimate or emotionless objects. The use of the adjective actually implies anthropomorphism, which I believe lies more in the realm of fiction.<br /><br />So I followed with a little trash-culture <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_11" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">question</span> to ease my way in, which I mumbled out not quite correctly, asking whether the title could evoke notions which are not good for society, as in the projection of selfishness (although he doesn't advocate that in individuals) being a bad thing, I managed to get out that it permeates modern Western society, particularly on reality T.V. shows, with horrendous terms (I think for civilized society) like 'dog-eat-dog' and 'alpha male' being employed in everyday situations, and I don't think that's the best way of espousing an attitude that takes us away from animals in an evolutionary sense. He replied, as I expected as if I was a complete <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_12" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">ignoramus</span>, by saying that he is only espousing selfishness on the level of the gene, and not in individuals, to which I retorted that I understood that, just that others may not, and particularly if he wants to market his ideas in popular science. He got the last word in <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_13" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">of course</span>, saying, "Well these people obviously haven't read beyond the title."<br /><br />First brush with <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_14" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">genius</span> over, I recline back feeling a little embarrassed to have asked a trivial question that he felt was so obvious and misinterpreted by me. I watch the red 'on air' light and the fascinated faces, all taken in by that voice. He never stutters, he reels off ideas with ease and at an incredible rate. His reciting tone is incredibly powerful, as for his sound test he recited a story he learned in his childhood perfectly. His ability with words is outstanding for a man of science. Anyway, not wishing to butter him up, I was pretty aggressive with the hand raising at every opportunity from then on in, as I'm sure he has no doubt of his ability to look and sound the part at these gigs, heckling time was in session!<br /><br />So my big question, which stems from Dad's ideas, though I have thought about it personally, to do with the lack of attention paid to the <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_15" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">random</span> mutations that are the basis of <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_16" class="blsp-spelling-error">neo</span>-Darwinism espoused by <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_17" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span>. I took the contentious line that if he persistently took this line on the computational nature of evolution, how could he justify copying errors within this theory? He replied that some mutations in the genes were beneficial, while others were errors in a negative sense, to which I got a little jab in "But is it good thing to look at evolutionary progress through copying errors?", to which I think he may even have got a little flustered: "Oh come on!"<br />His calm objectivity may have been rattled slightly? If it was he regathered composure in a microsecond, as he cut me down and indeed the interviewer cut me out of my follow-up on hybridism, which I admit now, wasn't completely related and due to my lack of thorough research, I <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_18" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">meant</span> 'mutants', but anyway, you win some you lose some!<br /><br />The whole experience was fascinating, as he did express himself on a number of levels about so many topics, such as the idea of mimes, gayness in nature and his normal repartee on the ignorance and wickedness on religion. Well Professor <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_19" class="blsp-spelling-error">Dawkins</span>, the <span id="SPELLING_ERROR_20" class="blsp-spelling-error">Hough</span> clan aren't quite dead and gone yet, you may be the Alpha at the moment, but there's no reason why a few cunning like-<span id="SPELLING_ERROR_21" class="blsp-spelling-corrected">minded</span> people couldn't at least pose a threat to your dominance yet sir!Julian Houghhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10200785183941617922noreply@blogger.com1